Comparación entre dosis bajas de bupivacaína y prilocaína en cirugía perianal ambulatoria / Comparison between low doses of bupivacaine and prilocaine in ambulatory perianal surgery

La cirugía perianal ambulatoria se caracteriza por necesitar un plano anestésico profundo durante un periodo de tiempo corto. El bloqueo subaracnoideo en silla de montar consigue una anestesia sensitiva intensa sin apenas bloqueo motor asociado. Los anestésicos locales de larga duración, como la bupivacaína, permiten en dosis bajas la realización del procedimiento y el alta hospitalaria en un tiempo acorde con la dinámica de la unidad cirugía mayor ambulatoria (UCMA). La prilocaína es un anestésico local de vida media intermedia que se caracteriza por su bajo riesgo de síntomas neurológicos transitorios y que se puede usar a dosis de 10 mg en anestesia espinal en silla de montar para la realización de cirugía perianal de menos de 45 min de duración. La hipótesis planteada es que la prilocaína, al ser un anestésico de vida media más corta que la bupivacaína, proporciona un bloqueo suficiente para la realización de un procedimiento estándar de cirugía anorrectal, acortando la estancia en la UCMA. Este estudio prospectivo, a doble ciego de 100 pacientes ASA I-III, divididos en 2 grupos aleatorios: Grupo P (10 mg de prilocaína hiperbárica 20 % + 10 μg de fentanilo) y grupo B (2,5 mg bupivacaina hiperbárica 0,5 % + 10 μg de fentanilo), donde medimos como objetivo principal el tiempo desde la realización de la técnica anestésica hasta el alta hospitalaria. Y como secundarios: el éxito del bloqueo, el tiempo desde el final de la cirugía hasta el alta hospitalaria, el tiempo de regresión del bloqueo sensitivo/motor, el tiempo hasta deambulación, la retención de orina y los efectos adversos.(AU)

Ambulatory perianal surgery is characterized by the need for a deep anesthetic plane for a short period of time. The subarachnoid saddle block achieves intense sensory anesthesia with almost no associated motor blockade. Long-acting local anesthetics, such as bupivacaine, allow the procedure to be performed at low doses and discharge from the hospital in a time that is consistent with the dynamics of the major outpatient surgery unit (MOSU). Prilocaine is a local anesthetic with an intermediate half-life that is characterized by its low risk of transient neurological symptoms and can be used at a dose of 10 mg in saddle spinal anesthesia for perianal surgery of less than 45 min duration. The hypothesis put forward is that prilocaine, being a shorter half-life anesthetic than bupivacaine, provides sufficient blockade for the performance of a standard anorectal surgery procedure, shortening the stay in the AMCU. This prospective, double-blind study of 100 ASA I-III patients, divided into 2 randomized groups: group P (10 mg hyperbaric prilocaine 20 % + 10 μg of fentanyl) and group B (2.5 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5 % + 10 μg of fentanyl), where we measured as primary objective the time from the performance ofthe anesthetic technique to hospital discharge. And as secondary objectives: success of the block, time from the end of surgery to hospital discharge, time of regression of the sensory/motor block, time to ambulation, urine retention and adverse effects.(AU)

Microglial diversity along the hippocampal longitudinal axis impacts synaptic plasticity in adult male mice under homeostatic conditions.

The hippocampus is a plastic brain area that shows functional segregation along its longitudinal axis, reflected by a higher level of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus (DH) compared to the ventral hippocampus (VH), but the mechanisms underlying this difference remain elusive. Numerous studies have highlighted the importance of microglia-neuronal communication in modulating synaptic transmission and hippocampal plasticity, although its role in physiological contexts is still largely unknown. We characterized in depth the features of microglia in the two hippocampal poles and investigated their contribution to CA1 plasticity under physiological conditions. We unveiled the influence of microglia in differentially modulating the amplitude of LTP in the DH and VH, showing that minocycline or PLX5622 treatment reduced LTP amplitude in the DH, while increasing it in the VH. This was recapitulated in Cx3cr1 knockout mice, indicating that microglia have a key role in setting the conditions for plasticity processes in a region-specific manner, and that the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 pathway is a key element in determining the basal level of CA1 LTP in the two regions. The observed LTP differences at the two poles were associated with transcriptional changes in the expression of genes encoding for Il-1, Tnf-α, Il-6, and Bdnf, essential players of neuronal plasticity. Furthermore, microglia in the CA1 SR region showed an increase in soma and a more extensive arborization, an increased prevalence of immature lysosomes accompanied by an elevation in mRNA expression of phagocytic markers Mertk and Cd68 and a surge in the expression of microglial outward K+ currents in the VH compared to DH, suggesting a distinct basal phenotypic state of microglia across the two hippocampal poles. Overall, we characterized the molecular, morphological, ultrastructural, and functional profile of microglia at the two poles, suggesting that modifications in hippocampal subregions related to different microglial statuses can contribute to dissect the phenotypical aspects of many diseases in which microglia are known to be involved.

Conyza bonariensis as an alternative host for Colletotrichum species in Argentina.

AIMS: This study investigated the diversity of Colletotrichum isolates recovered from Conyza bonariensis leaves through the use of morphological characteristics, growth rate, carbon sources utilization and phylogenetic analysis. METHODS AND RESULTS: In all, 30 Colletotrichum isolates recovered from C. bonariensis leaves showing symptoms of disease were included in the present study. Based on the analysis of morphology and sequences, the isolates were distributed into six Colletotrichum species complexes. The concatenated alignment of GAPDH and ITS sequences showed that 20 out of 30 isolates were included in four species complexes which comprise the most important pathogens causing anthracnose in soybean or anthracnose and stalk rot in maize: C. truncatum, C. orchidearum, C. gloeosporioides and C. graminicola. The remaining 10 isolates were included in the C. boninense and C. destructivum species complexes or could not be assigned to any complex with the available information. CONCLUSION: Weeds belonging to genus Conyza are host to soybean and maize potential pathogenic species of Colletotrichum and could have a role as inoculum reservoir for cross contamination in the agroecosystem. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The combined use of morphological, kinetics and physiological parameters of growth and phylogenetic analysis in Colletotrichum isolates from Conyza leaves allowed the detection of species complexes previously not identified in Argentina.

Bactericera cockerelli vitellogenin-6 like, a vitellogenin without a direct reproductive function?

Vitellogenin-like proteins are members of the large lipid transfer proteins, a family of proteins involved in reproduction, lipid circulation and immune defences. In this study, we identified a new Bactericera cockerelli vitellogenin-like (Vg-like) transcript, and named it BcVg6-like based on its similarity to Acyrthosiphon pisum Vg6. In silico analyses predicted different conserved domains in BcVg6-like compared with the conventional Ba. cockerelli vitellogenin, BcVg1-like, previously described by our research group. Phylogenetic analyses determined that BcVg6-like clustered with Vg-like-B proteins and not the conventional vitellogenins involved in vitellogenesis. Also, the expression analyses showed differences in BcVg6-like transcript expression between 7-day-old males and 3- and 7-day-old females. BcVg6-like was not upregulated after exogenous application of juvenile hormone III, but its relative expression increased significantly in alimentary canals of adult females exposed to tomato plants infected by the bacterial plant pathogen 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum'. Our results suggest that in Ba. cockerelli, both vitellogenin genes may have different functions: BcVg1-like is a conventional vitellogenin that conserved its ancestral function as an egg yolk precursor whereas BcVg6-like might have acquired a function in lipid and/or other molecule transport, and could potentially play a role in immune defence.

[Acromioclavicular instability: arthroscopic and mini-open combined treatment]. / Inestabilidad acromioclavicular. Tratamiento combinado artroscópico y miniinvasivo.

INTRODUCTION: The surgical treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation remains controversial. We describe herein a combined two-stage technique that includes an arthroscopic approach followed by a mini-invasive approach. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 41 patients with acromioclavicular dislocation grades III, IV and V. Acute and chronic lesions and revision surgeries were included during the follow-up. Patients with other shoulder conditions were excluded. Mean age was 28.6 years. Patients were assessed preoperatively with the UCLA and Constant scores, and the pain visual analog scale. The 6- and 12-month postoperative evaluation included X-rays to assess coronal and axial stability, coracoclavicular ossifications, signs of acromioclavicular arthrosis and/or distal clavicular osteolysis. RESULTS: The Constant scores were as follows: 41.3 preoperatively; 89.4 at 6 months; 92.3 at 12 months. The UCLA scores were as follows: 21.7 preoperatively; 29.1 at 6 months; 31.4 at 12 months. The VAS scores were 8.4, 2.3 and 1.2, for the same periods respectively. Two cases had repeated injury due to trauma and one case was dissatisfied with the cosmetic appearance of the scar. The X-ray assessment showed two cases of loss of stability and one case of distal clavicular osteolysis. CONCLUSION: The combination of two reduction methods, a synthetic one and a biological one allows for a solid anatomical reconstruction that is stable in the coronal and axial planes and good medium-term results.

INTRODUCCIÓN: el tratamiento quirúrgico de la luxación acromioclavicular es aún motivo de controversia. En esta publicación se describirá una técnica combinada en la que se realizó un primer tiempo artroscópico y un segundo tiempo con abordaje miniinvasivo. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: 41 pacientes con luxación acromioclavicular grados III, IV y V. Para el seguimiento se incluyeron luxaciones agudas, crónicas y cirugías de revisión; se excluyeron pacientes con otras patologías de hombro, la edad promedio fue de 28.6 años. Los pacientes fueron evaluados con el. RESULTADOS: score de UCLA Constant, la escala visual analógica para dolor preoperatorio y control radiológico para evaluar la estabilidad tanto en plano coronal como axial, osificaciones coracoclaviculares, signos de artrosis acromioclavicular y/o osteólisis distal de clavícula a los 6 y 12 meses postoperatorio. se obtuvo un score de Constant preoperatorio de 41.3; 6 meses: 89.4; 12 meses: 92.3. El. CONCLUSIÓN: score de UCLA preoperatorio: 21.7; 6 meses: 29.1 y 12 meses: 31.4. VAS: 8.4; 2.3; 1.2. Hubo dos casos de relesión por trauma y un caso de insatisfacción estética de la cicatriz. En cuanto al examen radiológico se presentaron dos casos de pérdida de estabilidad y un caso de osteólisis distal de clavícula. la combinación de dos métodos de reducción, uno sintético y otro biológico, permitió una reconstrucción anatómica sólida, estable en plano coronal y axial con muy buenos resultados a mediano plazo.

An oxidative burst and its attenuation by bacterial peroxidase activity is required for optimal establishment of the Arachis hypogaea-Bradyrhizobium sp. symbiosis.

AIMS: The main purpose of this study was to determine whether the Arachis hypogaea L. root oxidative burst, produced at early stages of its symbiotic interaction with Bradyrhizobium sp. SEMIA 6144, and the bacterial antioxidant system are required for the successful development of this interaction. METHODS AND RESULTS: Pharmacological approaches were used to reduce both plant oxidative burst and bacterial peroxidase enzyme activity. In plants whose H2 O2 levels were decreased, a low nodule number, a reduction in the proportion of red nodules (%) and an increase in the bacteroid density were found. The symbiotic phenotype of plants inoculated with a Bradyrhizobium sp. SEMIA 6144 culture showing decreased peroxidase activity was also affected, since the biomass production, nodule number and percentage of red nodules in these plants were lower than in plants inoculated with Bradyrhizobium sp. control cultures. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated for the first time that the oxidative burst triggered at the early events of the symbiotic interaction in peanut, is a prerequisite for the efficient development of root nodules, and that the antioxidant system of bradyrhizobial peanut symbionts, particularly the activity of peroxidases, is counteracting this oxidative burst for the successful establishment of the symbiosis. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms involved in the development of the symbiotic interaction established in A. hypogaea L. a legume infected in an intercellular way.

Selection of reference genes for expression analysis in the potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli.

The selection of reference genes is a crucial step for quantitative real-time PCR analyses and increasingly the use of more than one reference gene for accurate and reliable normalization is being recommended. In this study, a set of six genes was selected and their stability was assessed in different life stages and female organs of Bactericera cockerelli harbouring or not the bacterial pathogen 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' (Lso) haplotype B. The stability of each gene was determined using the BestKeeper, NormFinder and GeNorm programs. These analyses identified elongation factor-1a, ribosomal protein subunit L5 and ribosomal protein subunit 18 as the most stable genes to analyse gene expression during the insect life stages irrespective of Lso presence; Lso haplotype B only affected their respective ranking. By contrast, a common set of normalizers could not be found amongst the different female organs tested (bacteriomes, alimentary canals and reproductive organs).

Inestabilidad acromioclavicular. Tratamiento combinado artroscópico y miniinvasivo / Acromioclavicular instability: arthroscopic and mini-open combined treatment

Resumen: Introducción: el tratamiento quirúrgico de la luxación acromioclavicular es aún motivo de controversia. En esta publicación se describirá una técnica combinada en la que se realizó un primer tiempo artroscópico y un segundo tiempo con abordaje miniinvasivo. Material y métodos: 41 pacientes con luxación acromioclavicular grados III, IV y V. Para el seguimiento se incluyeron luxaciones agudas, crónicas y cirugías de revisión; se excluyeron pacientes con otras patologías de hombro, la edad promedio fue de 28.6 años. Los pacientes fueron evaluados con el score de UCLA Constant, la escala visual analógica para dolor preoperatorio y control radiológico para evaluar la estabilidad tanto en plano coronal como axial, osificaciones coracoclaviculares, signos de artrosis acromioclavicular y/o osteólisis distal de clavícula a los 6 y 12 meses postoperatorio. Resultados: se obtuvo un score de Constant preoperatorio de 41.3; 6 meses: 89.4; 12 meses: 92.3. El score de UCLA preoperatorio: 21.7; 6 meses: 29.1 y 12 meses: 31.4. VAS: 8.4; 2.3; 1.2. Hubo dos casos de relesión por trauma y un caso de insatisfacción estética de la cicatriz. En cuanto al examen radiológico se presentaron dos casos de pérdida de estabilidad y un caso de osteólisis distal de clavícula. Conclusión: la combinación de dos métodos de reducción, uno sintético y otro biológico, permitió una reconstrucción anatómica sólida, estable en plano coronal y axial con muy buenos resultados a mediano plazo.

Abstract: Introduction: The surgical treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation remains controversial. We describe herein a combined two-stage technique that includes an arthroscopic approach followed by a mini-invasive approach. Material and methods: 41 patients with acromioclavicular dislocation grades III, IV and V. Acute and chronic lesions and revision surgeries were included during the follow-up. Patients with other shoulder conditions were excluded. Mean age was 28.6 years. Patients were assessed preoperatively with the UCLA and Constant scores, and the pain visual analog scale. The 6- and 12-month postoperative evaluation included X-rays to assess coronal and axial stability, coracoclavicular ossifications, signs of acromioclavicular arthrosis and/or distal clavicular osteolysis. Results: The Constant scores were as follows: 41.3 preoperatively; 89.4 at 6 months; 92.3 at 12 months. The UCLA scores were as follows: 21.7 preoperatively; 29.1 at 6 months; 31.4 at 12 months. The VAS scores were 8.4, 2.3 and 1.2, for the same periods respectively. Two cases had repeated injury due to trauma and one case was dissatisfied with the cosmetic appearance of the scar. The X-ray assessment showed two cases of loss of stability and one case of distal clavicular osteolysis. Conclusion: The combination of two reduction methods, a synthetic one and a biological one allows for a solid anatomical reconstruction that is stable in the coronal and axial planes and good medium-term results.

Nivel de cumplimiento vía telemática de cuestionarios relacionados con la calidad de vida en artroplastia total de rodilla / Level of response to telematic questionnaires on health related quality of life on total knee replacement

Objetivo. La realización y obtención de cuestionarios de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud por el paciente y el profesional es complicada. Actualmente, disponemos de herramientas informáticas para recoger esta información. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la capacidad de los pacientes intervenidos de prótesis total de rodilla para rellenar cuestionarios de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, utilizando una plataforma telemática. Material y métodos. Fueron incluidos 98 pacientes consecutivos intervenidos de artroplastia total de rodilla. A los que aceptaron participar en el estudio se les solicitó responder, en una página web, a 2 cuestionarios de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (SF8 y WOMAC reducido) y 3 preguntas adicionales de opinión sobre dichos cuestionarios. Resultados. Noventa y ocho pacientes (45 hombres y 53 mujeres), con una media de edad de 72,7 años. Catorce no aceptaron participar por no disponer de acceso a Internet. De los 84 pacientes que aceptaron, el 50% entró en la página web, de los cuales solamente 36 contestaron correctamente a todas las preguntas. De estos, el 80% fue ayudado por un familiar o amigo y el 22% refirió dificultades para acceder a Internet. Conclusión. La utilización de sistemas telemáticos para responder a cuestionarios de calidad de vida debe ser usada de forma cautelosa, especialmente en población de edad avanzada. Probablemente, la población a la que va dirigida no está preparada para utilizar este tipo de tecnología. Por ello, antes de diseñar cuestionarios telemáticos debemos asegurarnos de si serán debidamente cumplimentados (AU)

Questionnaires measuring health-related quality of life are difficult to perform and obtain for patients and professionals. Computerised tools are now available to collect this information. The objective of this study was to assess the ability of patients undergoing total knee replacement to fill in health-related quality-of-life questionnaires using a telematic platform. Material and methods. Ninety eight consecutive patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty were included. Participants were given an access code to enter the website where they had to respond to 2 questionnaires (SF8 and the reduced WOMAC), and 3 additional questions about the difficulty in completing the questionnaires. Results. A total of 98 patients agreed to participate: 45 males and 53 females (mean age 72.7 years). Fourteen did not agree to participate due to lack of internet access. Of the final 84 participants, 50% entered the website, and only 36 answered all questions correctly. Of the patients who answered the questionnaire, 80% were helped by a relative or friend, and 22% reported difficulty accessing internet. Conclusion. The use of telematic systems to respond to health-related quality of life questionnaires should be used cautiously, especially in elderly population. It is likely that the population they are directed at is not prepared to use this type of technology. Therefore, before designing telematics questionnaires it must be ensured that they are completed properly (AU)

p62/Sequestosome-1: Mapping Sites of Protein-Handling Stress in Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors.

Canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCT) are common, frequently malignant neoplasms that are currently graded histologically for provision of prognostic information. Continuing evidence of subsets of MCT within certain grades (with differing survival times) indicate the need for biomarkers that will facilitate better patient stratification and also provide further information on the biological processes involved in progression. We decided to investigate the expression of p62/sequestosome-1 (p62/SQSTM1), a stress-inducible "hub protein" found in all cell types that shuttles rapidly between the nucleus and cytoplasm and is known to play important roles in protein handling and tumorigenesis. The identity of canine p62/SQSTM1 was confirmed in silico and by validation of a commercial antibody using both Western blotting and functional (pharmaceutical-based) analyses in cell culture. Using immunohistochemistry, 3 patterns of p62 expression were identified based on the predominant intracellular localization, that is, nuclear, mixed (nuclear and cytoplasmic), and cytoplasmic. There was a highly significant association with the 2-tier (Kiupel) grade (P < .0001), with all p62-nuclear immunoreactivity being associated with low grade and most p62-cytoplasmic immunoreactivity (93%) with high grade. Most but not all mixed nuclear-cytoplasmic labeling occurred in low-grade MCT; in other (human) tumor types, this pattern has been interpreted as borderline malignant. These data indicate that there is a shift in protein-handling stress from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in association with increasing malignancy in MCT. Studies to identify the processes and drug-able targets involved in this progression are ongoing.

Level of response to telematic questionnaires on Health Related Quality of Life on total knee replacement.

UNLABELLED: Questionnaires measuring health-related quality of life are difficult to perform and obtain for patients and professionals. Computerised tools are now available to collect this information. The objective of this study was to assess the ability of patients undergoing total knee replacement to fill in health-related quality-of-life questionnaires using a telematic platform. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety eight consecutive patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty were included. Participants were given an access code to enter the website where they had to respond to 2 questionnaires (SF8 and the reduced WOMAC), and 3 additional questions about the difficulty in completing the questionnaires. RESULTS: A total of 98 patients agreed to participate: 45 males and 53 females (mean age 72.7 years). Fourteen did not agree to participate due to lack of internet access. Of the final 84 participants, 50% entered the website, and only 36 answered all questions correctly. Of the patients who answered the questionnaire, 80% were helped by a relative or friend, and 22% reported difficulty accessing internet. CONCLUSION: The use of telematic systems to respond to health-related quality of life questionnaires should be used cautiously, especially in elderly population. It is likely that the population they are directed at is not prepared to use this type of technology. Therefore, before designing telematics questionnaires it must be ensured that they are completed properly.

Role of reactive oxygen species generation and Nod factors during the early symbiotic interaction between bradyrhizobia and peanut, a legume infected by crack entry.

AIMS: We evaluated whether reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the plant antioxidant system are involved in the symbiotic interaction between bradyrhizobia and legumes infected by crack entry, without intracellular infection threads (IT) formation, such as Arachis hypogaea L. (peanut). The role of bradyrhizobial Nod factors (NF) in modulating the plants' oxidative burst was also analysed. METHODS AND RESULTS: Histochemical and quantitative procedures were used to detect ROS levels in inoculated and in NF-treated peanut roots. Increase in root H2O2 production was determined at 10 min postinoculation with Bradyrhizobium sp. SEMIA 6144 or after NF addition. ROS production was modulated by NF. From 15 to 30 min postinoculation, the compatibility of Bradyrhizobium sp.-peanut interaction depends mostly on the H2O2 detoxification via catalase. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated for the first time that the early events of the symbiotic interaction in legumes invaded by crack entry trigger an increase in ROS production (represented exclusively by a higher H2O2 content) in which NADPH-oxidase seems not to be involved. NF modulate this response by enhancing the plant antioxidant machinery, contributing to the creation of adequate conditions for symbiosis development. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Our data provide new insights into the mechanism involves in the symbiotic interaction that establish legumes infected by crack entry and suggest that ROS response shows differences compared with legumes invaded by IT formation.

Inhibitor development after switching of FVIII concentrate in multitransfused patients with severe haemophilia A.

Switching between different therapeutic FVIII concentrate types has been postulated as a possible cause of inhibitor development in patient with haemophilia A. In this single-centre, retrospective study, the incidence, titre and duration of inhibitor development in multitransfused patients, defined as patients with more than 150 exposure days (ED), were analysed from January 1970 to December 2007 in relation to ED and the number of switches between different products. Inhibitor titre was assessed by Bethesda assay (before 1998) or Nijmegen assay (after 1998). Medical records of 167 patients were screened, of which 97 patients met the inclusion criteria. Fourteen products of plasmatic origin (different purities) and five recombinant (three generations) were used. Nine patients (9%) developed inhibitors, all transient, low-titre (1.41 ± 0.54 BU) after 323 ± 287 ED in average. Seventeen patients had no product switches of which four patients (23%) developed inhibitors (97 ED in average), whereas 13 patients (77%) did not (ED: 230). Fifty patients switched between plasmatic products only (median: 10 changes) of which five patients (10%) developed inhibitors (ED: 503), whereas 45 patients did not (ED: 932). Five patients switched between recombinant products only (seven changes) of which no patient developed inhibitors (748 ED). Twenty-five patients switched between plasmatic and recombinant products (13 changes) of which no patient developed inhibitors (ED: 1654). No statistically significant differences between patient groups were observed. Neither the number of different FVIII products administered nor the switching of products influenced the incidence of inhibitor in multitransfused patients.

Certified Reference Material IAEA-446 for radionuclides in Baltic Sea seaweed.

A Certified Reference Material (CRM) for radionuclides in seaweed (Fucus vesiculosus) from the Baltic Sea (IAEA-446) is described and the results of the certification process are presented. The (40)K, (137)Cs, (234)U and (239+240)Pu radionuclides were certified for this material, and information values for 12 other radionuclides ((90)Sr, (99)Tc, (210)Pb ((210)Po), (226)Ra, (228)Ra, (228)Th, (230)Th, (232)Th, (235)U, (238)U, (239)Pu and (240)Pu) are presented. The CRM can be used for Quality Assurance/Quality Control of analysis of radionuclides in seaweed and other biota samples, as well as for development and validation of analytical methods, and for training purposes.

Satisfacción materna en el ensayo clínico Eficacia de la postura materna en partos con malposiciónf etal occipito posterior / No disponible

OBJETIVO: analizar la satisfacción de las madres participantes en un ensayo clínico sobre la eficacia de las posturas manos-rodillas (MR) y decúbito lateral (DL) hacia la espalda fetal para conseguir la rotación del feto. Secundariamente se valoró la influencia en la satisfacción de los cuidados recibidos durante el parto, los factores obstétricos y los resultados materno-fetales. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: ensayo clínico multicéntrico con gestantes con posición fetal occipitoposterior que durante el parto adoptaron la postura manos-rodillas (MR) en un grupo y la postura decúbito lateral (DL) en otro grupo. VARIABLES: satisfacción materna (medida con la escala COMFORTS adaptada), paridad, rotación fetal a occipitoanterior, analgesia epidural, tipo de parto y test de Apgar. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de regresión logística multivarible. RESULTADOS: treinta y ocho mujeres del grupo MR y cuarenta y siete del grupo DL participaron. La lesión abdominal o perineal obtuvo la puntuación de satisfacción más baja (media: 4,31 sobre 5; 49,4% de mujeres muy satisfechas); el fomento del vínculo afectivo madre-hijo obtuvo la puntuación más elevada (media: 4,92 sobre 5; 91,8% de mujeres muy satisfechas). La vivencia satisfactoria del parto fue superior en el grupo MR (92,1% vs. 87,2%), con Odds Ratio (OR) ajustada a las variables obstétricas de 5,18 (intervalo de confianza (IC) al 95%: 1,08-24,82); mayor satisfacción con test de Apgar al minuto> 8 frente a ≤ 8 (90,4% vs. 83,3%), (OR= 5,26; IC95%:1,68-16,51). CONCLUSIONES: la satisfacción materna fue muy elevada, pero la vivencia satisfactoria del parto fue superior para las mujeres que adoptaron la postura MR. Esta vivencia está influida por los cuidados aportados por la matrona y los resultados obstétricos, especialmente por el estado de salud del bebé

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the satisfaction of mothers participating in a clinical trial about the efficacy of the hands-knees (HK) and lateral decubitus (LD) postures towards the fetal back in order to achieve the rotation of the fetus. Secondarily, the influence of satisfaction regarding care received during labor was also assessed, as well as obstetric factors and mother-fetus outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: multicenter clinical trial with pregnant ­women with fetal occiput posterior position, which adopted the hands-knees (HK) posture in one group, and the lateral decubitus (LD) posture in the other group. VARIABLES: maternal satisfaction (measured with the adapted COMFORTS scale), parity, fetal rotation to occiput anterior, epidural analgesia, type of labor and Apgar Test. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted. RESULTS: thirty-eight women in the HK group and forty-seven in the DL took part in the study. Abdominal or perineal lesion obtained the lowest satisfaction score (mean: 4.31 over 5; 49.4% of very satisfied women); the encouragement of mother-child bonding obtained the highest score (mean: 4.92 of 5; 91.8% of very satisfied women). The satisfactory experience of labor was higher in the HK group (92.1% vs. 87.2%), with Odds Ratio (OR) adjusted to obstetric variables of 5.18 (Confidence Interval (IC) at 95%: 1.08-24.82); higher satisfaction with Apgar Test at 1 minute >8 vs. ≤ 8 (90.4% vs. 83.3%), (OR= 5.26; IC95%:1.68-16.51). CONCLUSIONS: maternal satisfaction was very high, but the satisfactory labor experience was higher in those women who adopted the HK position. This experience is influenced by the care provided by the midwife and the obstetric results, particularly by the health status of the baby

Amblyomma cajennense (Acari: Ixodidae) tick populations susceptible or resistant to acaricides in the Mexican Tropics.

The objectives of the present study were: (i) to identify the frequency of cattle farms with a cohabitation of Amblyomma cajennense and Rhipicephalus microplus, (ii) to determine the status of susceptibility or resistance to acaricides used in Veracruz, Mexico, on A. cajennense populations and (iii) to identify factors associated with A. cajennense resistant to acaricides. Fifty farms were visited to determine the presence of ticks (A. cajennense and R. microplus) and to collect engorged A. cajennense individuals. From these, 24 A. cajennense populations were evaluated in resistance bioassays using discriminating doses of acaricides. The acaricides tested were organophosphates (chlorpiriphos, coumaphos and diazinon), pyrethroids (flumethrin, deltamethrin and cypermethrin), amidines (amitraz) and fipronil (a broad spectrum N-phenylpyrazole insecticide). A. cajennense infesting bovines were identified in 86% (43/50) of the farms visited, and 100% of the farms sampled (43/43) had cohabitation between R. microplus and A. cajennense. Of the farm owners or managers surveyed, 87.5% could not distinguish the morphological difference between tick genera. Populations of A. cajennense were 100%, 91.7% and 12.5% resistant to diazinon, coumaphos and chlorpyriphos (organophosphates), respectively, and 12.5% to amitraz, as were those susceptible to flumethrin and fipronil. In conclusions, populations of A. cajennense showed a high frequency of resistance to the organophosphates tested and to amitraz. Factors associated with the resistance to acaricides in A. cajennense were not identified.

Pseudoaneurisma poplíteo como complicación de la artroplastia total de rodilla. Revisión y actualización bibliográfica a propósito de un caso / Popliteal pseudoaneurysm as a complication in total knee replacement. Presentation of a case and an updated literature review

Las complicaciones vasculares después de cirugía protésica de rodilla son poco frecuentes. Dentro de este grupo, el pseudoaneurisma de la arteria poplítea es todavía más raro, habiéndose reportado en la literatura unos pocos casos. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 80 años con el diagnóstico de gonartrosis izquierda por genu varo que fue intervenida de prótesis total de rodilla y que en el postoperatorio tardío previo al alta, presentó un pseudoaneurisma de la arteria poplítea que fue tratado satisfactoriamente mediante un stent intravascular por abordaje inguinal (AU)

Vascular complications are rare after total knee arthroplasty, and popliteal pseudoaneurysms are even more so. There are few cases reported in the literature. We present a case of an 80 year-old woman with osteoarthritis of the left knee, secondary to Genu varum, who was treated with total knee arthroplasty. On the discharge day after surgery, the patient suffered a popliteal pseudoaneurysm that was successfully treated with an intravascular stent introduced by an inguinal approach (AU)

Laparoscopic approach for the multiple abdominal vascular entrapment syndrome.

We report an unusual case of a 25-year-old man affected by several vascular entrapment abdominal processes: celiac axis compression or Dunbar syndrome, superior mesenteric artery syndrome or Wilkie's disease and Nutcracker syndrome implying compression of the left renal vein. We discuss the diagnosis that was established by contrast-enhanced spiral computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance angiography. Once diagnosed the patient was treated conservatively by enteral high caloric diet in order to obtain a weight gain, however as it did not relieve the symptomatology of pain and vomit we opted for a surgical procedure. The therapeutic options were reviewed, highlighting the laparoscopic approach, which was the one we chose since it provides a less invasive procedure than open surgery but is an equally effective method of treatment.